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Updated Linux network backup guide to take into account the removed UI integration in Ubuntu >23.10 and to harmonize all distro instructions as they're all basically the same now
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Stuart
@@ -8,112 +8,77 @@ Linux Network Folder
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:depth: 2
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:local:
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Setup Network Folder
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Installing Samba
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--------------------
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.. note:: This guide is for Ubuntu only. For Linux Mint, select "Mint", or for different distros such as Arch, Debian, Pop-OS, PureOS, etc, select "Other Linux" below.
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.. tabs::
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#. Install Samba if you have not already…
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.. group-tab:: Ubuntu
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.. note:: You can check if Samba is already running with: ``sudo systemctl status smbd``
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Check out the video below, and follow along with the steps in this guide to setup a Network Folder on your Linux machine, such that you may create encrypted, private backups of all your StartOS data.
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.. tabs::
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.. youtube:: LLIMC5P3NdY
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:width: 100%
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.. group-tab:: Debian-based
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.. raw:: html
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#. For Ubuntu, Mint, Pop-OS, PureOS, etc
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<br/><br/>
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.. code-block:: bash
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#. Install Samba if you have not already:
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sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd && sudo systemctl start smbd
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.. code-block::
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sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd
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#. Add your user to samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
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.. group-tab:: Arch
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#. For Arch
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo pacman -S samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd && sudo systemctl start smb
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.. group-tab:: CentOS/Redhat
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#. For CentOS/Redhat
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo yum install samba && sudo systemctl enable smb && sudo systemctl start smb
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.. group-tab:: Fedora
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#. For Fedora
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo dnf install samba && sudo systemctl enable smb && sudo systemctl start smb
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#. Add your user to Samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
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First you will be prompted for your linux password, then you will be asked to create a new SMB password for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
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#. Right-click the folder that you want to backup to (or create a new one) and click "Properties"
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.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin0.png
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:width: 60%
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#. Select the "Local Network Share" tab
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.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin1.png
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:width: 60%
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First you will be prompted for your Linux password, then you will be asked to create a new **SMB password** for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. It can be the same password, or it can be different. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
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#. Click "Share this folder"
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.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin2.png
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:width: 60%
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- You may rename the "Share", if you prefer - **remember this name**, you will need it later in the StartOS dashboard
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- (Optional) Create a description in the "Comment" section
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#. In case your installation of Ubuntu is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo ufw allow Samba
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.. group-tab:: Mint
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#. Install Samba if you have not already:
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.. code-block::
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sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd
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#. Add your user to samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
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#. Add your user to sambashare group, necessary on some systems.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo usermod -a -G sambashare $USER
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sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
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First you will be prompted for your linux password, then you will be asked to create a new SMB password for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
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Again, replacing ``$USER`` and entering your Linux password when prompted, not your new SMB password.
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#. Right-click the folder that you want to backup to (or create a new one, eg. ``start9-backup``) and click "Sharing Options"
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.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-mint0.png
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:width: 60%
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#. Enter a Share name consisting of 12 or fewer characters and click "Create Share"
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.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-mint1.png
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:width: 60%
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- You may rename the "Share", if you prefer - **remember this name**, you will need it later in the StartOS dashboard. In this example, we call it ``backup-share``
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- (Optional) Create a description in the "Comment" section
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#. In case your installation of Mint is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
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#. In case your system is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo ufw allow Samba
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.. group-tab:: Other Linux
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1. Install Samba if it is not already installed.
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* ``sudo pacman -S samba`` For Arch
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* ``sudo apt install samba`` For Debian-based distros (Pop-OS, PureOS, etc)
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* ``sudo yum install samba`` For CentOS/Redhat
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* ``sudo dnf install samba`` For Fedora
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2. Create a directory to share or choose an existing one and make note of its location (path). For this example, we will call the share ``backup-share`` and its corresponding shared directory will be located at ``/home/$USER/start9-backup``. Replace ``$USER`` with your Linux username below.
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#. Create a directory to share or choose an existing one and make note of its location (path). For this example, we will call the share ``backup-share`` and its corresponding shared directory will be located at ``/home/$USER/start9-backup``. Replace ``$USER`` with your Linux username below.
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.. code-block:: bash
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@@ -126,7 +91,16 @@ Setup Network Folder
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sudo semanage fcontext --add --type "samba_share_t" "/home/$USER/start9-backup(/.*)?"
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sudo restorecon -R /home/$USER/start9-backup
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3. Configure Samba by adding the following to the end of the ``/etc/samba/smb.conf`` file:
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#. Configure Samba by adding the following to the end of the ``/etc/samba/smb.conf`` file:
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a. First open the file...
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.. code-block::
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sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
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b. Then add...
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.. code-block::
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@@ -137,26 +111,21 @@ Setup Network Folder
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read only = no
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guest ok = no
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Where:
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- ``[backup-share]`` is the *Share Name* inside brakets, and can be called anything you'd like. We used ``backup-share`` in this example.
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- ``path`` should be the path to the directory you created earlier
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- ``[backup-share]`` in brackets is the *Share Name* and can be called anything you'd like. We used ``backup-share`` in this example.
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- ``path`` should be the path to the directory you created earlier.
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Copy the remainder of the entry exactly as it is
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c. Save/write the file and then exit.
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4. Open a terminal and enter the following command, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username:
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d. Test the config file with...
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.. code-block:: bash
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.. code-block::
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sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
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testparm
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This creates a password for the Local Network Share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
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Look for "Loaded services file OK". You don't need to do anything else here.
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5. In case your installation of Linux (Pop-OS users take special note!) is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo ufw allow Samba
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----
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Connect StartOS
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@@ -174,7 +143,7 @@ Connect StartOS
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#. Fill in the following fields:
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* Hostname - This is the hostname of the machine that your shared folder is located on
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* Hostname - This is the hostname of the machine that your shared folder is located on, you can get this with ``hostname`` or ``hostnamectl``
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* Path - This is the "Share Name" (name of the share in your samba config) and **not** the full directory path. In this guide we use ``backup-share``.
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* Username - This is your Linux username on the remote machine that you used to create the shared directory
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* Password - This is the password you set above using ``smbpasswd``
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