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Updated Linux network backup guide to take into account the removed UI integration in Ubuntu >23.10 and to harmonize all distro instructions as they're all basically the same now

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Stuart
2024-06-11 21:05:09 +02:00
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site/source/device-guides/linux/backup-linux.rst
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@@ -8,155 +8,124 @@ Linux Network Folder
:depth: 2
:local:
Setup Network Folder
Installing Samba
--------------------
.. note:: This guide is for Ubuntu only. For Linux Mint, select "Mint", or for different distros such as Arch, Debian, Pop-OS, PureOS, etc, select "Other Linux" below.
.. tabs::
#. Install Samba if you have not already…
.. group-tab:: Ubuntu
.. note:: You can check if Samba is already running with: ``sudo systemctl status smbd``
Check out the video below, and follow along with the steps in this guide to setup a Network Folder on your Linux machine, such that you may create encrypted, private backups of all your StartOS data.
.. tabs::
.. youtube:: LLIMC5P3NdY
:width: 100%
.. group-tab:: Debian-based
.. raw:: html
<br/><br/>
#. Install Samba if you have not already:
.. code-block::
sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd
#. Add your user to samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
.. code-block:: bash
sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
First you will be prompted for your linux password, then you will be asked to create a new SMB password for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
#. Right-click the folder that you want to backup to (or create a new one) and click "Properties"
.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin0.png
:width: 60%
#. Select the "Local Network Share" tab
.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin1.png
:width: 60%
#. Click "Share this folder"
.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-lin2.png
:width: 60%
- You may rename the "Share", if you prefer - **remember this name**, you will need it later in the StartOS dashboard
- (Optional) Create a description in the "Comment" section
#. In case your installation of Ubuntu is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
.. code-block:: bash
sudo ufw allow Samba
.. group-tab:: Mint
#. Install Samba if you have not already:
.. code-block::
sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd
#. Add your user to samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
.. code-block:: bash
sudo usermod -a -G sambashare $USER
sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
First you will be prompted for your linux password, then you will be asked to create a new SMB password for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
#. Right-click the folder that you want to backup to (or create a new one, eg. ``start9-backup``) and click "Sharing Options"
.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-mint0.png
:width: 60%
#. Enter a Share name consisting of 12 or fewer characters and click "Create Share"
.. figure:: /_static/images/cifs/cifs-mint1.png
:width: 60%
- You may rename the "Share", if you prefer - **remember this name**, you will need it later in the StartOS dashboard. In this example, we call it ``backup-share``
- (Optional) Create a description in the "Comment" section
#. In case your installation of Mint is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
.. code-block:: bash
sudo ufw allow Samba
.. group-tab:: Other Linux
1. Install Samba if it is not already installed.
* ``sudo pacman -S samba`` For Arch
* ``sudo apt install samba`` For Debian-based distros (Pop-OS, PureOS, etc)
* ``sudo yum install samba`` For CentOS/Redhat
* ``sudo dnf install samba`` For Fedora
2. Create a directory to share or choose an existing one and make note of its location (path). For this example, we will call the share ``backup-share`` and its corresponding shared directory will be located at ``/home/$USER/start9-backup``. Replace ``$USER`` with your Linux username below.
.. code-block:: bash
mkdir -p /home/$USER/start9-backup
.. note:: If you are on Fedora 38+, you need to do an extra step to allow the Samba share in SELinux:
.. code-block:: bash
sudo semanage fcontext --add --type "samba_share_t" "/home/$USER/start9-backup(/.*)?"
sudo restorecon -R /home/$USER/start9-backup
3. Configure Samba by adding the following to the end of the ``/etc/samba/smb.conf`` file:
.. code-block::
[backup-share]
path = "/home/$USER/start9-backup"
create mask = 0600
directory mask = 0700
read only = no
guest ok = no
Where:
- ``[backup-share]`` is the *Share Name* inside brakets, and can be called anything you'd like. We used ``backup-share`` in this example.
- ``path`` should be the path to the directory you created earlier
Copy the remainder of the entry exactly as it is
4. Open a terminal and enter the following command, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username:
#. For Ubuntu, Mint, Pop-OS, PureOS, etc
.. code-block:: bash
sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
sudo apt install samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd && sudo systemctl start smbd
This creates a password for the Local Network Share. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
.. group-tab:: Arch
#. For Arch
.. code-block:: bash
sudo pacman -S samba && sudo systemctl enable smbd && sudo systemctl start smb
.. group-tab:: CentOS/Redhat
#. For CentOS/Redhat
.. code-block:: bash
sudo yum install samba && sudo systemctl enable smb && sudo systemctl start smb
.. group-tab:: Fedora
#. For Fedora
.. code-block:: bash
sudo dnf install samba && sudo systemctl enable smb && sudo systemctl start smb
#. Add your user to Samba, replacing ``$USER`` with your Linux username.
.. code-block:: bash
sudo smbpasswd -a $USER
First you will be prompted for your Linux password, then you will be asked to create a new **SMB password** for the user with permission to write to your new backup share. It can be the same password, or it can be different. Keep it somewhere safe, such as Vaultwarden.
#. Add your user to sambashare group, necessary on some systems.
.. code-block:: bash
sudo usermod -a -G sambashare $USER
Again, replacing ``$USER`` and entering your Linux password when prompted, not your new SMB password.
#. In case your system is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
.. code-block:: bash
sudo ufw allow Samba
#. Create a directory to share or choose an existing one and make note of its location (path). For this example, we will call the share ``backup-share`` and its corresponding shared directory will be located at ``/home/$USER/start9-backup``. Replace ``$USER`` with your Linux username below.
.. code-block:: bash
mkdir -p /home/$USER/start9-backup
.. note:: If you are on Fedora 38+, you need to do an extra step to allow the Samba share in SELinux:
.. code-block:: bash
sudo semanage fcontext --add --type "samba_share_t" "/home/$USER/start9-backup(/.*)?"
sudo restorecon -R /home/$USER/start9-backup
#. Configure Samba by adding the following to the end of the ``/etc/samba/smb.conf`` file:
a. First open the file...
.. code-block::
5. In case your installation of Linux (Pop-OS users take special note!) is running a firewall by default or due to your own custom configuration, enter this command to allow connections to Samba. If it generates an error, you can safely ignore it:
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
.. code-block:: bash
b. Then add...
sudo ufw allow Samba
.. code-block::
[backup-share]
path = "/home/$USER/start9-backup"
create mask = 0600
directory mask = 0700
read only = no
guest ok = no
- ``[backup-share]`` in brackets is the *Share Name* and can be called anything you'd like. We used ``backup-share`` in this example.
- ``path`` should be the path to the directory you created earlier.
c. Save/write the file and then exit.
d. Test the config file with...
.. code-block::
testparm
Look for "Loaded services file OK". You don't need to do anything else here.
----
Connect StartOS
@@ -174,7 +143,7 @@ Connect StartOS
#. Fill in the following fields:
* Hostname - This is the hostname of the machine that your shared folder is located on
* Hostname - This is the hostname of the machine that your shared folder is located on, you can get this with ``hostname`` or ``hostnamectl``
* Path - This is the "Share Name" (name of the share in your samba config) and **not** the full directory path. In this guide we use ``backup-share``.
* Username - This is your Linux username on the remote machine that you used to create the shared directory
* Password - This is the password you set above using ``smbpasswd``